German general ludendorff knew germany had lost the war when

With the failure of the so-called "Spring Offensive" on the western front.

Explanation:

Also called Kaiserschlacht (translated as "Battle of the Emperors" or "The Battle of the Kaiser", and referred to by the British as "The Great March Retreat"

it would be the last great offensive of the German army during the First World War in honor of the Kaiser William II. It lasted from March 21 to April 5, 1918, being the largest isolated attack of the entire war.

The main objective was to conquer the city of Amiens but after hard and long fighting, General Ludendorff gave up the battle and with it the necessary progress to stop the Allied troops.

Despite this setback, the Germans were very close to achieving their goal of giving the Allies a hard setback. The land gains were higher than all those made by British and French on the western front since the beginning of the war, reaching some points to deepen almost 60 km. The allies suffered about 250,000 casualties, including 90,000 captured British soldiers. For their part, the Germans also suffered a high number of casualties, 240,000.

It is possible that if Amiens had succeeded, the result of the offensive would have been completely different, but the truth is that Ludendorff had not realized the importance of this strategic point. Now the Germans, despite still having the initiative, were in a very vulnerable position.

answer: both considered peasants valued members of society.

explanation: the ancient chinese and indian empires were large asian empires that had the same problems with other big empires, they had to work hard and sometimes fight in order to keep them united, they both relied heavily on their capacity to trade and to send strange and rare items to europe, and had the father as the head of the house hold in both societies, but they didn´t considered pleasants as valued members of their society, they were the bottom of the social pyramid in both of their societies.