Explain two forces that led to African American suffrage and public service despite Southern resistance.

The lack of the right to vote, and as the lack of being able to own land.

Explanation:

Even with the 13th Amendment, African Americans had no equal rights compared to white people, especially in the South. There are several reasons for this refuse, but mainly because of the Civil War and the traditional point of view about African Americans, reinforced by stereotypes and discriminatory laws. The main leaders didn't believe (or accepted) that the African Americans could vote and chose their leaders because they didn't understand the process. As well as the lack of being able to own land. This point was related to the fear of white people to give autonomy to the black people.

federal appellate courts are called courts of appeals. cases can be further appealed to the u.s. supreme court. cases are heard for the first time in a trial court. if either party disagrees with the decision in the trial court, they can appeal, asking a higher court to review the decision.

really and truely i dont know sorry