Probably the most famous of the philosophes was Voltaire, whose attitude toward injustice, fanaticism, and intolerance was solidified due to a murder case tried in 1762. The defendant in this case was

The defendant in this case was Jean Calas.

Explanation:

A philosophe is a term used to mention the individual who is a freethinker. Voltaire was a famous philosophe and greatest Enlightenment writers in France.

Voltaire always criticizes Christianity especially Roman Catholic Church.

Jean Calas was an innocent merchant and a protestant. In spite of his innocence, he was tortured and executed for the murder of his son.

Voltaire’s attitude towards fanaticism killed Jean Calas. He suspected that the death of Jean’s son was committed for a religious motive.

answer; /// (c) i believe that the correct answer is; ///full faith and credit.

answer:

it caused mass african migration, african populations to grow, african empires to topple, and racism against slaves to emerge.