The text discusses the plight of Irish immigrants in the United States in the late 1800s, when vicious, racially motivated attacks were directed toward them. In 2014, there was a series of angry demonstrations in Waterford, a town in Ireland, directed against the Roma (formerly referred to as gypsies). The irony of the attacks on the Roma in Waterford is that, like the anti-Irish attacks in the United States, they are an example of .a. prejudice.
b. racism.
c. discrimination.
d. racialization.

b. racism

Explanation: Racially motivated attacks are fueled by the belief that people are different based on their physical features or characteristics. It also believes that some people are inferior to others based on these traits. This may lead to hatred of the group that is believed to be inferior. In the 1800s, new Irish immigrants who were fleeing from famine in Ireland were attacked on the basis of being different. This was repeated in Ireland in 2014 against the Roma population.

for the united states of america, 1945 to 1964 was a time of high economic growth and general prosperity. it was also a time of confrontation as the capitalist united states and its allies politically opposed the soviet union and other communist countries; the cold war had begun.

explanation:

hi, according to my research the answer to the first question would be false. al tabari was the author of the first medical encyclopedia & he was a persian scholar not arab