Why did NATO and the Warsaw Pact each form?

In 1949, the prospect of further Communist expansion prompted the United States and 11 other Western nations to form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The Soviet Union and its affiliated Communist nations in Eastern Europe founded a rival alliance, the Warsaw Pact, in 1955. The alignment of nearly every European nation into one of the two opposing camps formalized the political division of the European continent that had taken place since World War II (1939-45). This alignment provided the framework for the military standoff that continued throughout the Cold War (1945-91).

Explanation:

a. "how old man winter was driven back” and “ormuzd and arimanes"

answer: the purpose of the "index of forbidden books" was to prevent the contamination of the faith or the corruption of morals of roman catholics according to canon law, through the reading of theologically mistaken or immoral books. the condemnation of published books, thus listed in the index librorum prohibitorum.

explanation: index librorum prohibitorum, (latin: “index of forbidden books”), list of books once forbidden by roman catholic church authority as dangerous to the faith or morals of roman catholics. publication of the list ceased in 1966, and it was relegated to the status of a historic document.

the 20th and final edition appeared in 1948, and the index was formally abolished on 14 june 1966 by pope paul vi. the aim of the list was to protect the faith and morals of the faithful by putting a stop to the reading of theologically, culturally, and politically disruptive books.