The essence of the "shogunate system" was that a. the emperor became the central ruler and the shogun became a nominal official. b. the peasants were granted the rank of samurai. c. governmental power became decentralized under the emperor. d. governmental power became centralized under the shogun, while the emperor ruled in name only. e. the military was put under complete civilian control.

Explanation:

The Shogunate system was established in Japan by Tokugawa Ieyasu in 1603 and lasted till 1867. Under this system, the Shoguns upheld all major executive powers while the emperor remained confined within the capital, Kyoto.

The Shoguns served as the landlords among the distributed regions in the country. Each regional administration had a Shogun who controlled the whole political, social and economical spheres of that particular region.

This system mobilized the powers of the emperor and controlled the whole administrative system. The emperor remained as the head of the country but ruled in name only.

1. international: struggle for hegemony and empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state

2. political conflict: conflict between the monarchy and the nobility over the “reform” of the tax system led to paralysis and bankruptcy.

3. the enlightenment: impulse for reform intensifies political conflicts; reinforces traditional aristocratic constitutionalism, one variant of which was laid out in montequieu’s spirit of the laws; introduces new notions of good government, the most radical being popular sovereignty, as in rousseau’s social contract [1762]; the attack on the regime and privileged class by the literary underground of “grub street; ” the broadening influence of public opinion.

4. social antagonisms between two rising groups: the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie

5. ineffective ruler: louis xvi

6. economic hardship, especially the agrarian crisis of 1788-89 generates popular discontent and disorders caused by food shortages.

your answer would be just capitalism.