African Americans who fought for the Union during the Civil War
were not freed until after the war.
were usually led by African American officers.
had been recruited in border states.
were paid less than white soldiers.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

macon. i believe thats the answer

sorry if im wrong.