What characterizes the goal of the tanzimat reforms initiated by the ottoman leadership in the mid-nineteenth century?

Their goal was to establish the economic, social, and legal foundation for a strong centralized state

Explanation: The Tanzimat reforms were a series of reforms in the Ottoman Empire that began in 1839 and ended with the First Constitutional Era in 1876. The reforms were heavily influenced by European ideas and called for the establishment of new institutions that would guarantee the security of life, property, and honour to all subjects of the empire irrespective of their religion or race.

The Tanzimat reform era began with the purpose of modernization, desiring to consolidate the social and political foundations of the Ottoman Empire, emancipate non-muslim subjects and integrate the non-Turkish citizens by granting them equality throughout the Empire.

b. second continental congress

answer: in october 1962, an american u-2 spy plane secretly photographed nuclear missile sites being built by the soviet union on the island of cuba. president kennedy did not want the soviet union and cuba to know that he had discovered the missiles. he met in secret with his advisors for several days to discuss the problem.

explanation: