What policy did President Richard Nixon introduce to remove American troops from
South Vietnam without abandoning that country to Communist rule?

President Richard Nixon introduced the policy of Vietnamization to remove American troops from South Vietnam without abandoning that country to Communist rule.

Explanation:

The doctrine of "Vietnamization" was put forward by Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird in the spring of 1969 after his visit to South Vietnam. It was a response to the search by the Nixon administration for a new concept of American policy regarding the Vietnam War. Nixon won the 1968 presidential election under the banner of an “honorable peace” in Vietnam. At this point, war was extremely unpopular in American society, so in order to curb public discontent, Nixon needed to reduce, first of all, the casualties of the US armed forces in Vietnam.   According to this policy, the United States guaranteed its allies significant economic and military assistance, if necessary, to repel communist aggression, but refused to send their own military contingents from then on.

by creating a labor shortage that pushed the continent toward a market economy

the answer is suffrage