This is an image of the Panama Canal, which cuts across the Isthmus of Panama
and helps make trade faster. What motivation is illustrated in the image?

by creating a labor shortage that pushed the continent toward a market economy

all

explanation:

these civilizations were located around fertile rivers, where they could produce an abundance of crops

map scale refers to the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground. for example, on a 1: 100000 scale map, 1cm on the map equals 1km on the ground.