The factors that lead Japan to modernize and maintain its strength up to WW2?

Meiji Restoration, in Japanese history, the political revolution in 1868 that brought about the final demise of the Tokugawa shogunate (military government)—thus ending the Edo (Tokugawa) period (1603–1867)—and, at least nominally, returned control of the country to direct imperial rule under Mutsuhito (the emperor Meiji). In a wider context, however, the Meiji Restoration of 1868 came to be identified with the subsequent era of major political, economic, and social change—the Meiji period (1868–1912)—that brought about the modernization and Westernization of the country.

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the two atomic bombs dropped on japan in 1945 killed and maimed hundreds of thousands of people, and their effects are still being felt today. the uranium bomb detonated over hiroshima on 6 august 1945 had an explosive yield equal to 15,000 tonnes of tnt.