How do trade barriers hurt development?

In short, tariffs and trade barriers tend to be pro-producer and anti-consumer. The effect of tariffs and trade barriers on businesses, consumers and the government shifts over time. In the short run, higher prices for goods can reduce consumption by individual consumers and by businesses

Explanation:

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a historian who compares the expansion of political systems to the expansion of economic systems to the expansion of economic systems is organizing history by theme.

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he believed that strong monarchies would lead to social and political stability.