What is the main idea of this reading? Please answer!!!

Thus means that European countries together had invaded the USSR once. Thus the soviet union formed in USSR , wanted to have good relations with those countries . So that they would not attack again and be loyal to them

- "a new era of american politics began with jackson's election in 1828, but it also completed a grand social experiment begun by the american revolution. nevertheless, jacksonian democracy represented a provocative blending of the best and worst qualities of american society."

< 3