What effect did the Townshed acts have on the American colonies

It took away some freedoms from the colonists like new taxes on imports of paper, paint, lead, glass, and tea

cuban communists pressured the soviet union to place missiles in cuba.

the doctrine of nullification recommended that states living inside the union have the one-sided, inalienable ideal to void any law made by the national government that could be esteemed illegal.

the united states was shaped based on a general agreement among its individual states. hence, it is inferred that under the hypothesis of invalidation, since the states are the establishment of the union, they have the ability to referee and disprove unlawful laws.