Sir John A. R. Marriott (1859-1945) was a British politician and historian. . . . British brains, British enterprise, and British capital have, in a material sense, transformed the face of India. Means of
communication have been developed: innumerable bridges, over 40,000 miles of railway, 70,000 miles of metalled roads,
testify to the skill and industry of British engineers. Irrigation works on a stupendous [huge] scale have brought 30,000,000
acres under cultivation, and thus greatly added to the agricultural wealth of a country which still lives mainly by agriculture.
But, on the other hand, the process of industrialization has already begun. The mills of Bombay have become dangerous
competitors to Lancashire, and the Indian jute [rope] industry is threatening the prosperity of Dundee. Thanks to improved
sanitation (much resented by the more ignorant beneficiaries [Indians]), to a higher standard of living, to irrigation, to
canalization, to the development of transport, and to carefully thought-out schemes for relief work, famines, which by their
regular recurrence formerly presented a perennial [continuing] problem to humane administrators, have now virtually
disappeared. To have conquered the menace of famine in the face of greater longevity, of diminished death-rate, and the
suppression of war, is a remarkable achievement for which India is wholly indebted to British administration. . . .
Source: Sir John A. R. Marriott, The English in India, Oxford University Press, 1932 from the NYS Global History and
Geography Regents Exam, June 2004.
1.2.Using document 2, identify Sir John A. R. Marriott’s point of view concerning British
imperialism in India. [3]