What innovations did ancient mesopotamian pass on to later civilizations

What is the name of the first president

The holocaust of world war ii resulted in a) the nazis effectively used propaganda to gain and hold power in germany. b) ethnic regimes carried out mass devastation. c) deporting all european jews to the island of madagascar. d) the systematic mass slaughter of european jews and and others in nazi concentration camps during world war ii.

Which term describes the soviet policy the expanded freedom of the press and allowed criticism of the communist party during the cold wara: containment b: perestroikac: detente d: glasnost