How did the civil war effect the north and south?

For the south -2.3 million slaves were free with equal status with former slave owners. The south was also forced to reconstruct its labour system, that was previously dependent on slaves. There was poverty, with decreased production cash crops such as Cotton and Tobacco until 1879.

For the North-slave-based Southern economy was devastated by the war, the Northern economy benefited from development in many of its industries, including textile and iron production. The war also stimulated the growth of railroads, improving transportation infrastructure.

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