For two reasons, explain how religion can influence a nation's decision-making. Take for example the case of the independence of India and Pakistan and the conflict over Kashmir

different religions have different rules and laws and can affect the way of  life of the people.

India and Pakistan separated because of their beliefs and culture differences. The Radcliffe award was based on the population of Muslims and hindus.

the areas where Muslims were in majority were given to them and the areas with hindu majority was given to hindus. The problem with Kashmir was that it had a Muslim majority but the ruler was a hindu. This caused conflict as the ruler wanted to join with india and the local people voted for Pakistan.

the conflict was based on religion, the people and the ruler were of different religions.

Religion have a moral code. They are supposed to have a positive affect on a society's decisions but sometimes different religions have disagreements between them which can cause problems to rise.  

to contain the wave of communism

it provided for equal trade rights among nations in china.