similarities Islamic and Byzantine empires, including their religious practices governments geography

Similarities between the Islamic empire and the Byzantine empire were that they both rose to power through military force.

Explanation:

Similarities between the Islamic empire and the Byzantine empire were that they both rose to power through military force. With this similarity comes the next in the fact that both empires had extremely strong military forces. They both flourished through their use of trade . This included their help in developing the Silk Road and having merchants along the route. The Islam empire was an iconoclastic religion and the Byzantine empire underwent an iconoclastic period. These iconoclastic views resulted in the two empires having more in common because they were both seen as outsiders or foreigners to the Western European people. While the Byzantium empire was being formed they were at almost constant war with the Umayyad and Abbasids. This made life in their empire very difficult at times. The empire only survived these attaches because of the new military and religious beliefs they were building towards, with locally organized defense and the upgrade of Christian doctrine (Pg. 267). This aspect of war against them almost constantly made the Byzantine empire slightly different from the Islamic empire faced was within its internal boundary amongst themselves.

the graph shows the spread of railways in the 1800s.

based on the graph, the conclusion that can be drawn about germany is answer d)   by 1880, germany had more rail lines than great britain and russia.