What does "heathen and barbarous
lands" mean?

Uncivilized land

Heathen and barbarous can both mean uncivilized. So it means an uncivilized land, usually in a negative way. Barbarous specifically means brutal, cruel. The word comes from barbaric, used in the middle ages to describe someone or something as savage (kind of like cavemen).

Hope this helps

the speech convinced americans that the ussr was an enemy, rather than an ally, which led to the creation of the truman doctrine.

solon did not have any courts in ancient rome. he was an athenian statesman, not a roman one?