A main reason that the Age of Revolutions initially failed to achieve widespread change in some nations of Europe was because revolts were poorly organized.
few people supported the revolutions.
liberal reforms were impractical in daily life.
monarchs reasoned with the rebels.

theodore roosevelt challenged william to a duel, whoever won, got their policy sent to congress. it ended up in a stalemate, and both men were injured and sent to the hospital.

peasants’ war, (1524–25) peasant uprising in germany inspired by changes brought by the reformation, peasants in western and southern germany invoked   divine law to demand agrarian rights and freedom from oppression by nobles and landlords. as the uprising spread, some peasant groups organized armies. although the revolt was supported huldrych zwingli and thomas müntzerits condemnation by martain luther contributed to its defeat, principally by the army of the swabian league. some 100,000 peasants were killed. reprisals and increased restrictions discouraged further attempts to improve the peasants’ plight.

i think it would be " a" i might be wrong tho

the second significant cause of the great migration was the desire of black southerners to escape segregation, known euphemistically as jim crow. rural african american southerners believed that segregation - and racism and prejudice against blacks - was significantly less intense in the north.