May 28, 1830 Chapter CXLVII
An Act to provide for an exchange of lands with the Indians residing in any of the
states or territories, and for their removal west of the river Mississippi.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America, in Congress assembled, That it shall and may be lawful for the President of
the United States to cause so much of any territory belonging to the United States,
west of the river Mississippi, not included in any state or organized territory, and to
which the Indian title has been extinguished, as he may judge necessary, to be
divided into a suitable number of districts, for the reception of such tribes or nations
of Indians as may choose to exchange the lands where they now reside, and remove
there, and to cause each of said districts to be so described by natural or artificial
marks, as to be easily distinguished from every other ...
What does the phrase Indian title has been extinguished describe in the context of
the document? (5 points)
1) Land the Native Americans had been granted
2) Land that was taken away from Native Americans
3) Land that was not valuable to the Native Americans
4) Land that had been organized by the government

they believed democracy was worth the fight

the correct answer is:

b) a rich merchant.

1. darius the great     persia  

2. piankhi       nubia

3. ezana       aksum

4.     nebuchadnezzar     babylonia

5. shalmaneser iii     assyria

separation of powers, therefore, refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.   the intent is to prevent the concentration of power and provide for checks and balances.  

the traditional characterizations of the powers of the branches of american government are:

* the legislative branch is responsible for enacting the laws of the state and appropriating the money necessary to operate the government.

* the executive branch is responsible for implementing and administering the public policy enacted and funded by the legislative branch.

* the judicial branch is responsible for interpreting the constitution and laws and applying their interpretations to controversies brought before it.

forty state constitutions specify that government be divided into three branches:   legislative, executive and judicial.   california illustrates this approach; "the powers of state government are legislative, executive, and judicial.   persons charged with the exercise of one power may not exercise either of the others except as permitted by this constitution."

while separation of powers is key to the workings of american government, no democratic system exists with an absolute separation of powers or an absolute lack of separation of powers. governmental powers and responsibilities intentionally overlap; they are too complex and interrelated to be neatly compartmentalized. as a result, there is an inherent measure of competition and conflict

minnesota:   minnesota house research,   separation of powers: when statutes and court rules conflict, 2005