Explain the causes of the expansion of Muslim rule; how and where did it expand before 1450?

The major cause of the expansion of Muslim rule and how and where it expanded before 1450 was:

According to the given question, we are asked to show the major cause of the expansion of Muslim rule and how and where it expanded before 1450.

As a result of this, we can see that the expansion of Muslim rule in the period before 1450 was caused by the success of the Arab Empire in battle as they conquered a lot of lands and spread their religion in West and North Africa.

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The Arab Empire starts conquering vast territories, which led to the emergence of the Islamic religion.

Explanation:

Islam spread through military conquest, trade, pilgrimage, and missionaries. In the west and north Africa, Islam began to spread during the 9th century. The Muslim conquest affects Europe by the capture of several states. The Moors dominated the Iberian Peninsula from 711 until 1492 and the Muslims rule the Island of Sicily. In the 11th century, Europe launched a series of holy wars, known as the Crusades. Their goal was to retake Jerusalem and the surrounding Holy Land from Muslim control. After the four crusades, Christians lost the war.

It expanded in Iberian peninsula, Africa, Sicily, Byzantine and Sasanian empires.  

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