“On the western side of the ocean, movements of people and ideas . . . preceded the Atlantic connection. Great empires—in the Valley of Mexico, on the Mississippi River . . . —had collapsed or declined in the centuries before 1492. . . . As Columbus embarked on his first transatlantic voyage, the Mexica, or Aztecs, were consolidating their position [in Mexico]; their city was a center of both trade and military might. Tenochtitlán [the Aztec capital] . . . held 200,000 people, a population greater than in the largest city in contemporary Europe.

“. . . The Mississippian culture spread east and west from its center, the city of Cahokia, on the Mississippi River near the site of modern St. Louis. It was a successor to earlier cultures, evidence of which can be seen in the great ceremonial mounds they built. Cahokia declined and was ultimately abandoned completely in the later thirteenth century. . . . Throughout the Southeast, smaller mound-building centers continued.”

Karen Ordahl Kupperman, historian, The Atlantic in World History, 2012

Which of the following contributed most significantly to the population trend in pre-Columbian Mexico described in the excerpt?

Migration in pursuit of fertile lands

Migration in pursuit of fertile lands
A

Trade and settlement resulting from maize cultivation

Trade and settlement resulting from maize cultivation
B

Low birth rates and high death tolls as a result of European diseases

Low birth rates and high death tolls as a result of European diseases
C

Internal conflict between groups causing political instability

explanation:

7 - to develop an asian ally

11- the red scare

14   the power of military -industrial complex

17 - the economy grew quickly

24 - the separation of church and state was not important

the main reason that the constitution did not proclaim all men to be free and equal is because of the issue of slavery.

from the religious point of view, the conflicts began because of the enmity between catholic and protestants. in 1649, at the insistence of baltimore, the colonial assembly approved the act of religious tolerance, the first law in the colonies granting freedom of worship, though only for christians. in 1654, however, with the protestants of maryland in the majority, the act was revoked. the almost civil war broke out and order was not restored until 1658, when lord baltimore was returned to power.

on the issue of class conflict, the chesapeake region offered few economic opportunities to contract employees who had served their term of obligation. even with the small amount of capital needed to grow tobacco, former hired servants at best became subsistence farmers, a mature class for those called to rebellion, such as those proposed by nathaniel bacon. as the number of new hired workers declined because of limited chances of progress and reports of severe treatment, they were replaced by african slaves.

from the racial point of view, after 1660, the chesapeake colonies imposed laws that defined slavery as a lifelong and hereditary condition based on race. this made slaves profitable because planters could rely not only on their work but also on their children. the slave population, which numbered four thousand in virginia and maryland in 1675, grew significantly by the end of the century.

a best description that resulted a division among labor in the early farming communities in their period was there was a change in their society in terms of having social roles to develop and change that led complications and divisions in the society.