Please match the following words to their definitions. Adam Smith
Baron De Montesquieu
Bill of Rights
Charles Darwin
Copernicus
Democracy
Divine Right of Kings
Enlightenment
Enlightened Despot
Federalism
Industrial Revolution
Leonardo De Vinci
Magna Carta
Martin Luther
Natural Rights
Salon
Social Contract
Sovereignty
Thomas Edison
Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Jefferson
Voltaire

1. A form of Government in which the Supreme authority rests with the people. The word comes from the Greek Words: Demos = people and Kratos = power. *
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2. Form of Government in which those who rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the people. *
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3. Supreme and absolute power within its own territory. *
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4. Certain unalienable rights to which all people are entitled: the right to life, liberty, property, freedom of speech and religion, and equality before the law. *
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5. 1215 “Great Charter” document guaranteed basic political rights in England. Ex. Right to trial by a jury of his or her peers. *
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6. System of Government in which the written constitution divides power between a central or national Govt. and several local governments. (State) *
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7. First 10 amendments of the U. S. Constitution that guarantee basic rights such as freedom of speech and religion, trial by jury, and protection against cruel and unusual *
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8. 1543 Heliocentric Theory ( Earth revolves around the Sun) *
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9. Developed the Theory of separation of power; in order to prevent too much power in the hands of one government agency. ( Ex. U. S. Three branches of Government (executive/legislative/judicial) that check each other) *
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10. Monarchs who embraced new ideas and made reforms that reflected the enlightenment spirit. Ex. Catherine and Frederick the Great *
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11. a term created by Thomas Hobbes to describe the agreement in which the people give up their individual rights in exchange for the law and order provided by the government. *
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12. The concept that Kings were appointed by God *
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13. 18th-century French writer and philosopher who defended freedom of religion, speech, and promoted tolerance. The U. S. borrowed his ideas for the 1st Amendment of the Constitution. *
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14. An 18th-century intellectual movement led by the philosophes: stressed the application of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of life. *
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15. Enlightenment philosopher whose ideas influenced Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence and the U. S. Constitution protection of Natural Rights such as Life liberty and property *
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16. Wrote the book Leviathan 1651 – Concerning the Social Contract – he believed people were wicked and selfish and needed a powerful government to maintain order and protect their natural rights *
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17. Laissez-Faire Economics, Wrote the book “ Wealth of Nation”. Believed that self-interest, not government intervention fueled an efficient economy. Father of Capitalism *
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18. German Monk, who started the Protestant Reformation in the early 1500’s. *
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19. Social gathering of intellectual and artists held in the homes of wealthy women in Paris during the enlightenment. *
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20. The originator of the concepts of adaptation and evolution *