The emperor kangxi was generally
opposed to arts and scholarship.
tolerant of christian missionaries.
lazy and unskilled.
unable to calm unrest along the frontiers.

2. the first europeans to make contact with the ming dynasty were the
portuguese.
spanish.
english.
french.

3. zheng he's expeditions were cut short because
the chinese did not have the technology for long sea voyages.
the emperor was not interested in the objects brought back by the voyages.
confucian traditionalists said the trading voyages were not worthwhile.
the ships were at