Who eventually "obliterated" Samarkand in the 13th century?

Chinggis Khan

Explanation:

From the 6th to the 13th century it grew into a city more populous than it is today, changing hands every couple of centuries – Western Turks, Arabs, Persian Samanids, Karakhanids, Seljuq Turks, Mongolian Karakitay and Khorezmshah have all ruled here – before being obliterated by Chinggis Khan in 1220.

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i would think it's industries and hydroelectric power

each played a major role in ending the cold war.