Why did montesquieu advocate the separation of powers?

to stop political parties from gaining too much power
to ensure power divisions along party lines
to eliminate conflict between branches of government
to limit the power of any single group or person

The correct answer is to limit the power of any single group or person.

This concept the seperation of powers within a government is a product of the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment was an era in which political philosophers like Montesquieu, Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau all heavily influenced how individuals viewed government. These men questioned the idea of government power being passed down from generation to generation and focused more on how citizens should influence the government.

This includes Montesquieu's idea of separation of power. With a separation of power, there can be no one king or queen with asbolutel law making power. This would ensure that multiple perspectives were considered in the law making process.

Montesquieu advocated the separation of powersto limit the power of any single group or person.

Further Explanations:

Baron de Montesquieu a French philosopher and Judge credited for securing the word despotism in a political legacy.  His theories are the primary source of the hypothesis of separation of power of the constitution prevalent in numerousnations. He is also accredited for being a progenitor including Tacitus and Herodotus of anthropology. Indeed he was also known to be the initiator of scientific enterprise performing social and cultural anthropology. He was too much influenced by the enlightenment theories and policies.  

Montesquieu supported power separation becauseof his belief that a person or an institution should not be provided with full authority. The legislative, jurisdictive, and executive divisions should function independentlywithout being intervened by each other. His theories kept each division in balance and helped to institute an ideal administration. As per his ideas of separation, there should be no absolute power in the administration and this would help to bring up a multiple perspective in a law-making process.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High school

Subject: US History  

Chapter: Baron de Montesquieu

Keywords: Baron de Montesquieu, French philosopher,political legacy, hypothesis, Tacitus ,Herodotus, social , cultural anthropology, enlightenment theories,legislative, jurisdictive, executive,

number 4. should be the correct answer