To what extent did laws and policies protect minority groups from 1865 - 1900 ?HELP ME PLS

fourteenth and fifteenth amendment

The Fourteenth Amendment affirmed the new rights of freed women and men in 1868. The law stated that everyone born in the United States, including former slaves, was an American citizen.In 1870, the Fifteenth Amendment affirmed that the right to vote “shall not be denied…on account of race.”

¨

i think it was   tsar alexander ii