In the context of this article, what is fair? what determines a fair trade between two parties.

Fair Trade is a trading partnership, based on dialogue, transparency and respect, that seeks greater equity in international trade. It contributes to sustainable development by offering better trading conditions to, and securing the rights of, marginalized producers and workers – especially in the South. Fairtrade changes lives by changing trade. We transfer wealth back to farmers and workers in developing countries who deserve a decent income and decent work.
The competing conceptions of fair trade are A lack of agreement about what fair trade really means and how it should be certified;Uneven awareness and availability across different areas Larger questions about the extent of the potential contribution of fair trade to development under the current system,These issues ... YES: It puts people back at the heart of trade

Fairtrade addresses the injustices of conventional trade, which too often leaves the poorest, weakest producers earning less than it costs them to grow their crops. It's a bit like a national minimum wage for global trade. What are the Principles of Fair Trade?
OPPORTUNITIES FOR DISADVANTAGED PRODUCERS. Poverty reduction through trade must form a key part of the organisation's aims. ...
TRANSPARENCY & ACCOUNTABILITY. ...
FAIR TRADE PRACTICES. ...
FAIR PAYMENT. ...
NO CHILD LABOUR. ...
NO DISCRIMINATION. ...
GOOD WORKING CONDITIONS. ...
CAPACITY BUILDING.
Since fair trade helps stabilize incomes, many families can keep their children in school. It provides supplies, scholarship programs and healthy meals. Fair Trade enables education for even the most outlying communities. Fair Trade impacts workers, farmers and families.