English colonies were established by joint-stock companies controlled by, monarchs, clergymen, businessmen, or American Indian Leaders

Granted a charter by King James I in 1606, the Virginia Company was a joint-stock company created to establish settlements in the New World. This is a seal of the Virginia Company, which established the first English settlement in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. Joint stock companies such as the Virginia Company were granted charters by the British government, but they were funded by private investors. This provided a way for the British to get involved in the colonization of the New World while minimizing economic risk to the crown

Explanation:

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this forms a narrow, steep sided inlet (sometimes deeper than 1300 metres) connected to the sea. the terminal moraine pushed down the valley by the glacier is left underwater at the fjord’s entrance, causing the water at the neck of the fjord to be shallower than the main body of the fjord behind it.