To what extent does the cultural values of India, Japan, and Russia display distinct differences?

The correct answer to this open question is the following.

Although there are no options attached or further context or references, we can say the following.

The extent that the cultural values of India, Japan, and Russia display distinct differences is notorious because they are completely different nations that developed under different circumstances.

The origins of India can be traced back to the Indus River Valley Civilization that settled next to the Indus River. The Harappans, another name that identifies this culture, was the first civilization in that region. In the evolution of India, people have professed different religious beliefs such as Brahmanism and Buddhism.

This last religious system can be connected with Japan, in that many Japanese people profess Buddhism. The other major religious belief in Japan is Shinto. Let's have in mind that Japan received a big influence from China in the early years.

In the case of Russia, after the time of the Tzars and the Russian Revolution, Russia became the Soviet Union under the Communist regimen that ended in 1991. The Russians mostly follow the Christian Orthodox religion.  

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the answer would be:

b. race