Which of these BEST describes the outcome of the "Investiture controversy"? A. Monarch's lost ability to appoint own bishops. B. Monarch's gain ability to appoint own bishops. C. Popes were to be elected by the majority of catholics. D. Popes could no longer control who would take leadership positions.

Option: A. Monarch's lost ability to appoint own bishops.

Explanation:

The Investiture Controversy was a conflict between the Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Empire in medieval Europe. The power struggle in the 11th century between Henry IV of Holy Roman Empire and Pope Gregory VII began with the appointment of church officials. Henry IV believed that as a King, he had a right to appoint the bishops in the German Church.