What are the forces that galvanized revolution among the poor and middle classes in Europe?

The answer is below

Explanation:

The widespread revolution in Europe can be traced to the year 1848 which is often referred to as the Age of revolution, starting from the French Revolution. They are a lot of reasons or forces that galvanized revolution among the poor and middle classes in Europe. Some of which are the following:

1. Broad discontentment with political leadership specifically against the monarchy.

2. The needs to be represented in government and democracy, similar to the American "tax without representation."

3. Agitations for freedom of speech and press

4. Demands in the areas of a good standard of living, better wages and working conditions, and an increase in nationalism.

answer; i believe its a

d. migration of french settlers into english colonies