What is Imperialism? Why did nations engage in this practice?

Extending a country's power and influence through economics, diplomacy, or military force at the expense of other nations. Most countries engaged in imperialism to expand their rule over certain territories, and gain control over certain trade routes.

Explanation:

Imperialism is a policy or ideology of extending the rule over peoples and other countries, for extending political and economic access, power and control, through employing hard power especially military force, but also soft power.

Various motives prompt empires to seek to expand their rule over other countries or territories. These include economic, exploratory, ethnocentric, political, and religious motives. ... Imperial powers often competed with each over for the best potential resources, markets, and trade.

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the answer is a) the proclamation of 1763.

a king decides to declare war on a neighboring country without the input of any advisers