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2. How can we tell when a civilization has fallen? What are the signs?
Sign #1

Explanation:In a study published to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, they explain that this new framework could help to prevent future catastrophes as the modern world copes with major societal shifts.

The researchers from the University of Maryland and University College London investigated whether early warning signals are present when an ecosystem begins to show declining resilience.

This phenomenon can indicate the forthcoming of ‘major reorganization,’ or a regime shift within the ecosystem, and subsequently, a collapse.

To do this, they examined 2,378 archaeological sites from nine regions of Neolithic Europe.

no every country is held to the same degree as others just some member countries such as the usa and germany are more economically sound so the need to show there support to all others  

polisit can also mean a body of citizens. in modern historiography, polis is normally used to indicate the ancient greek city-states, like classical athens and its contemporaries, and thus is often translated as "city-state". the body of citizens came to be the most important meaning of the term polis in ancient greece.