Upton Sinclair said, “ I meant to hit them in the heart; instead I hit them in the stomach.” What did he mean by this quote?

He means that in order to introduce American society to the horrible conditions that industrial workers were subjected to and the need for reform, he described the lack of regulations and disgusting occurrences in meat-packing plants. He intended for people to feel sympathetic (heart) but they felt disgusted (stomach).

Explanation:

In his novel "The Jungle" Upton Sinclair revealed the disgusting secrets of the meat-packing industry in America and the horrible conditions of its workers.

b) a state law could be declared illegal if it contradicted the constitution.

explanation:

the conflict of this case originated when james w. mcculloch, a cashier of the baltimore branch of the second bank of the united states that the congress had chartered in 1816, refused to pay a tax imposed by the maryland state.

in the case, the state of maryland appealed that the establishment of a second bank was unconstitutional since the constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to congress. however, the case determined that even if such right wasn't specifically stated in the constitution, it was part of the "implied powers" of the government enunciated in article i, section 8.

the case also eliminated maryland's legislation to impose taxes to a national bank, asserting that even though the states retained the power of taxation, the constitution's laws are supreme and can not be controlled by the states, therefore, if a state law contradicts the constitution, it should be declared illegal.

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