What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire that was both a center of religion, law, and trade?

What is one way the spanish war of independence encouraged those in the colonies to seek new political and economic rights? colonies took advantage of spain’s weakened ability to prevent rebellion. the disruptions caused by the war encouraged colonial merchants to seek markets in the pacific. the exposure to french ideas through the war convinced many in spain to provide these liberties to the colonies. the war with france made spain tighten their political and economic hold on the colonies in desperation.

Can someone me out with this , i'm putting 30 points on it

What did president roosevelt do to aid panama in becoming an independent country? a. he negotiated a peace treaty with nicaragua to purchase the land. b. he invaded colombia to establish a us base for defense. c. he placed warships around panama to block sea lanes. d. he used dollar diplomacy to block imports to nicaragua.