How was the origin of the qing dynasty different from that of the ming dynasty?

a.) the ming dynasty was elected democratically, while the qing dynasty took power by force
b.) the ming dynasty rose in power through a foreign invasion, while the qing dynasty began with a revolution
c.) the ming dynasty inherited its rule, while the qing dynasty used assassination to gain power
d.) the ming dynasty was controlled by ethic chinese, while the qing dynasty came from a foreign ethnic group