Please answer from the image

They had to be forced to work

Explanation: They were forced to work because, when they  are like 5-6 they would teach the children to how work these big machines and how it goes.

The conditions that children worked under during the Industrial Revolution were morbid. They had long and inflexible work hours.

The child laborers worked in environments that were unhealthy and dangerous to their physical well being. Many lost limbs, were killed in gas explosions; crushed under machines; and burned.

The children worked according to many studies, these hours ranged from 14 hours a day or 70 hours per week and also the workers developed lung cancer from poisonous fumes.

When their work or machines were not harming them, their supervisors and overseers harmed them. They were beaten, and when they tried to escape from the factories, they were shackled.

social contract theory basically says that all individuals are born equal, and provided a god given right to consent to be governed. american government is based of this

thomas hobbes and john locke said that we are selfish, individualistic, and constantly at war with each other, therefore we need to be controlled. 

government is defined as the legitimate use of force to control human behavior within territorial boundaries, here comes in hobbes and locke.

hobbes takes the part about controlling human behavior. while locke takes the part of legitimate use of force, since force is not legitimate unless there is consent of the people. 

there are basically 3 goals of the government: 1) maintain order by protecting life and property. 2) providing public goods, those which are typically not provided by the public sector, such as roads and education. 3) promote equality be it political, opportunist or outcome equality. 

it increase by 12% a year from 1812-1820