Why was the economic system of mercantilism challenged by Adam Smith and other Enlightenment advocates?

Smith made a number of important criticisms of mercantilist doctrine. First, he demonstrated that trade, when freely initiated, benefits both parties.

Explanation: because  Second, he argued that specialization in production allows for economies of scale, which improves efficiency and growth.

the great wall of china worked as a defense for the feudal states of the zhou dynasty to the north. during the warring states period more walls were put up to defend the borders of the different kingdoms. it was semi successful because despite the wall, the mongols eventually conquered china also the great wall provided protection to the economic development and cultural progress, safeguarded the trading routes such as the silk road, and secured transmission of information and transportation. @jayxboof

president jefferson protested this interference in american trade. he sent james monroe to london to negotiate a treaty. jefferson wanted britain to stop taking sailors from american ships, and to stop interfering in the trade of neutral nations. monroe tried many times to discuss such an agreement. but the british foreign minister was always too busy to see him.

explanation: