What did West African merchants trade, which Christian and Muslim rulers greatly valued?

Which choice describes some of the difficulties john adams faced as presiden

What do most climatologists see as a major cause of rising global temperatures? a. earth's closer proximity to the sun due to its gravitational pull b. greenhouse gases produced by burning fossil fuels c. rising ocean levels caused by melting polar ice sheets d. water pollution cause by industrial waste

What was john f. kennedy's program known as?