What effect did the latifundia have on roman society?

Upper-class Romans who owned latifundia had enough capital to improve their crops and livestock with new strains, putting peasant smallholders at a competitive disadvantage. Thus latifundia virtually supplanted the small farm as the regular agricultural unit in Italy and in the provinces by the 3rd century ad.

Explanation:

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secretly cooperate with one another.

it foreshadows the theme of the paragraph and hints the topic that will be discussed in the paragraph!