Name a modern day caliphate which was recently defeated

The last caliphate that was recently defeated or ended was the Ottoman Caliphate, the world's last widely recognized caliphate, was abolished on 3 March 1924.

the triple alliance. germany and austria-hungary were already allies by 1879 when, worried about a threat from russia, they formed the dual alliance. italy joined the group in 1882. there was a concern about a possible attack from france and the alliance needed powerful friends to defend it.

map scale refers to the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground. for example, on a 1: 100000 scale map, 1cm on the map equals 1km on the ground.