Fill in the blank. 1.When the Spanish took over the Incan Empire, they acquired the mountain of Potosí, where they created the system to extract as much silver as possible. 2.Under capitalism, the legal system protects and businesses are run for profit.

3.The Dutch and the English East India Companies were the most powerful companies.

4.The Dutch East India Company showed how shareholders could enjoy part of the company's profits in the form of .

5.The commodification of in the Americas was just one example of how Europeans profited from growing and selling a cash crop in the colonies.

6.The economic system that developed following colonialism and a growing middle class is called .

Respond to the following based on your reading.

1.Identify and explain 3–4 ways that European colonialism affected indigenous populations.

2.Do you think capitalism made colonialism possible or colonialism made capitalism possible?

colonialism

conquistadors

mita

private property

joint-stock

dividends

tobacco

capitalism

Answers may vary. A good answer would include 4–5 sentences explaining how European colonialism affected indigenous populations by spreading disease, converting people to Christianity, building trade monopolies, requiring people to work in slave-like conditions, and so on. Answers should include explanations of examples from the reading to back up all claims.

Answers may vary. Good answers would show an understanding of various factors that led to the development of capitalism and colonialism. For example, the increased trade as part of colonialism led to a more affluent middle class, which was in favor of a capitalist system. The risks involved with traveling overseas and establishing colonies also led people to invest in joint-stock companies, which were a new business development that would lead to capitalism's rise. Also, one might argue that the ideas of capitalism—making wealth through trade, profit, and investment—helped colonialism develop and motivated people to want to gain more resources.

Explanation:

by creating a labor shortage that pushed the continent toward a market economy