How did economic thinkers react to the problems of industrial capitalism?

In economic system: From commercial to industrial capitalism. Commercial capitalism proved to be only transitional. The succeeding form would be distinguished by the pervasive mechanization and industrialization of its productive processes, changes that introduced new dynamic tendencies into the economic system while significantly transforming the social and physical landscape.

Explanation:

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Capitalism caused the Industrial Revolution because industrialization required significant work and investment from individuals and not necessarily the government. ... This investment from individuals, whose actions were guided by the profit motive, would not have been possible without the emergence of capitalism.

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they both wanted to stop protestantism, they felt a call in life and it was to strengthen the church. charles used inquisition, philip used army's, charles gave control to outsiders, philip centralized all power.

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