How did justinian’s code have an impact beyond the byzantine empire?
a. it provided models for strong alliances between monarchs
b. it organized ancient roman laws for use within the empire
c. it promoted trade among europe, the middle east, and asia
d. it later guided the development of present-day international law

how did germanic tribes carve europe into small kingdoms?
a. germanic leaders formed strong alliances
b. germanic traders set up free-trade zones
c. germanic priest unified religious groups
d. germanic kings waged wars of conquest

how did charlemagne most effectively convert many pagans to christianity?
a. by requiring church attendance
b. by reviving latin learning
c. through missionaries
d. through papal mandate