What was one important characteristic of the English colonies in Australia in the 19th century?
A. They were open to settlement by French, Spanish, and other
European colonists.
B. They were populated by convicts who had been exiled from Great
Britain.
C. They were governed by local administrators rather than British
officials.
D. They were established as temporary bases rather than permanent
settlements.

B.)

Explanation:

"One of the reasons why Britain decided to establish a colony in Australia in 1788 was the rebellion of its colonies in America - Britain needed somewhere else to send its prisoners. Australia's experience as a colony of Britain was very different from that of the United States."

executive, (president and about 5,000,000 workers) legislative (senate and house of representatives) and judicial (supreme court and lower courts)

explanation:

detente translated to english means politics