THIS IS THE ANSWER, I GOT A 100%, PLEASE REPHRASE Answer the following questions about internal and external factors that led to change in various states after 1900.

a) Identify factors that led to the Russian Revolution (1917).

b) Identify factors that led to the Mexican Revolution (1910–17).

c) Explain how land-based and maritime empires gave way to new states in the 20th century.

A) One factor that led to the Russian Revolution was the poor handling of World War 1 by the tsar. Tsar Nicholas II was a very weak ruler, and brought Russia into the war despite widespread disapproval by the Russian people. Millions of Russians were drafted into the army, and peasants made up most of it, which made the peasant class frustrated. The tsar took control of the military after the death of the general, and he handled it incredibly poorly, and Russia was forced to withdraw from the war. Another factor was the loss of the Russo-Japanese war, which was a national embarrassment, and increased tensions and discontent with the Russian tsar. The Russians thought it would be an easy war to win, as they thought that Japan was far behind them technologically, so when they emerged victorious, it was a not only a national embarrassment, but a continental embarrassment. There were poor working conditions in Russia at the time, and the tsar was not doing much about it, besides a few short-lived reforms that didn’t do much. The working class was becoming increasingly frustrated with the incompetence of the tsar, and after tensions had been rising for years upon years, and with the introduction of the ideas of the Bolsheviks and Karl Marx, the Russian revolution occurred.

B) The main cause of the Mexican Revolution was the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz. When he seized power, he created a 34-year dictatorship where he limited democracy and freedoms. Power was primarily concentrated in the hands of a few people, and the general population had no real say in politics and the best interests of the country. There was a lot of injustice towards the lower classes, such as the fact that the higher classes were so small, with the wealth essentially being hoarded by a select few. Also, Porfirio Diaz, as many other dictators of history also perpetrated, used fear as the driving force for his campaign. He intimidated the citizens of Mexico into supporting him, and advanced the country’s infrastructure and industry at the expense of the peasant class. All of these factors combined led to the Mexican Revolution, which saw the overthrowal of Diaz and the eventual implementation of the Mexican Constitution.

C) With the end of World War I, several empires dissolved and allowed new states to be created in the 20th century. For example, the Austro-Hungarian Empire dissolved and created parts of Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, the State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs, part of Ukraine, and some territory was added to Romania. The collapse of this empire gave way to all these new states, as many ethnicities and nationalities were living in the empire at the time, and once the empire was shown to be weakening, they took that chance to secede. In fact, one of the reasons for the start of the war was discontent by the Serbians within the empire. Another empire that gave way to the creation of new states in the 20th century was the Russian Empire. While the entire country didn’t dissolve, the concept of the empire did, and as a result of the revolution weakening the empire and being forced to surrender to Germany, some of the territory it had was lost. These new nations that were created as a result were parts of Czechoslovakia, Finland, Poland, Hungary, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Yugoslavia. Another empire was the Ottoman Empire, which fell after years of being weakened by imperialist powers and war. The fall of the Ottoman Empire created parts of Turkey, Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Yemen, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, and Cyprus. Also, with the fall of the German Empire came the addition of territory to Belgium, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. So, in short, the collapse of land-based and maritime empires led to the creation of new states, as well as the expansion of already existing states.