When a court refers to the decision in a prior case which examined similar issues and states that this judgement is also applicable in the new case

What triggered the surge of conservative governments in central europe at the end of world war i? a. the disintegration of european families in the wake of urbanization. b. a worldwide revolutionary upsurge. c. the revival of the austrian-hungarian and ottoman empires. d. the british suppression of the indian nationalist movement. e. the killing of the tsar during the russian revolution?

President wilson’s moral diplomacy led him to support 1. revolutions in russia. 2. increased trade with china. 3. independence for the philippines. 4. taking over cuba.

How might a utilitarian person respond to the magistrate and the mob?